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Chapter One: Design In Photography 8
The Visual Language 8
The Importance Of Learning Design 10
Demystifying Composition 11
Communicating Without Words 12
Chapter Two: The Visual Experience 15
Approaching The Photographic Image 15
Response to Unfamiliar Art and Styles 16
Beauty In Nature Photography 17
Is It Art? 19
Reading Photographs 20
Evaluating A Photograph 20
Artist’s Intent 20
Emotional Impact 21
Evaluating the Light 22
Structure 23
Execution 23
Advanced Evaluation 23
Evaluating Black and White Photographs 24
Chapter Three: The Photographic Experience 26
The Art Of Observation 26
More Than Seeing 27
Organizing The Composition 27
Developing A Personal Style 28
Individual Expression 29
Photograph It Well 30
Evaluating Your Progress 30
Evaluating Your Photographs 31
Chapter Four: Considerations For Purpose 32
Horizontal Or Vertical Format 32
Final Format 33
Contrast and Dimensions 33
Sharpness 33
Mood 34
Visualizing The Composition 34
Chapter Five: The Physical Photograph 35
The Frame 35
Image Divisions 35
Edges 35
Limbs and Joints on the Edge 36
Chapter Six: Designing The Tangibles 37
Subject Matter 37
Define Subject Matter 37
Treatment of Subject Matter 38
The Main Or Solitary Subject 38
Distance and Size 38
Lens Selection 39
The Effects of Distance on Detail and Color 39
Positioning the Main Subject 39
Centering the Subject for Emphasis 39
Exaggerated Subject Placement 40
Unwanted Objects In The Scene 40
Focal Points 41
Focal Points and Balance 41
Focal Points and a Visual Path 41
Multiple Main Focal Points 41
Lines 41
Straight Lines 42
Vertical Lines 42
Horizontal Lines 42
Diagonal Lines 42
Converging and Diverging Lines 43
Groups of Lines 43
Arcs 43
Curved Lines 43
Zig-zags and Odd-shaped Lines 43
Repetitive Lines 43
Suggested or Implied Lines 44
Creating Fluidity, Movement, and Motion with Lines 44
Using Lines to Create a Sense of Rhythm 44
Tension Created by Lines 44
Shape And Form 45
Shapes and Forms as Structural Elements 45
Texture of Forms 45
Spatial Organization and the Relationships of Forms and Shapes 45
Shapes and Forms and Balance 46
The Emotional Effects of Shapes and Forms 46
Forms, Shapes and Rhythm 47
Forms, Shapes and Unity 47
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Chapter Seven: Designing The Intangibles 47
Light 47
Light’s Role in Photography 47
The Sun’s Trek through the Sky 47
The Effects of the Sweet Light 48
Indirect Light and Partial Light 48
Light from the Sun and Moon 49
Reflections 49
Shadows 49
Direction of Light 50
Front Light 50
Side Light 50
Back Light 50
Top Light 50
Color 51
Color Associations 51
Choose Colors to Influence and Create Mood 51
Basic Color Terminology
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Color 51
Hue 52
Value 52
Saturation 52
Analogous Hues 52
Monochromatic 52
Gradations 52
Complementary Colors 52
Neutrals 52
Color Continuity 53
Creating Color Harmony 53
The Perceived Weight of Colors 53
Space and Depth 53
Negative Space 54
Perspective 54
The Picture Plane 54
Line of Sight 54
The Ground Plane 55
Foreground 55
Middle ground 55
Background
Achieving Visual Balance 55
Using the Rule-of-Thirds Grid 56
Using Symmetry 56
The Perceived Weight of Objects 57
Angles And Height 57
Chapter Eight: Popular Composition Styles 59
Bulls-eye Composition 59
Showcase 59
Near-Far 60
Layers 60
Large-Scale Landscape 61
Close-up 61
Abstract 61
Chapter Nine: The Maps 62
Map One: Multiple Main Focal Points 63
Map Two: Lines - Cradle the Subject 64
Map Three: Subject Merge 65
Map Four: Perspective 66
Map Five: Supporting Focal Points 67
Map Six: Using Foreground Objects 68
Map Seven: Subject Placement for Emphasis 69
Map Eight: Color vs. Black and White 70
Map Nine: Vertical Subject Placement 71
Map Ten: Visual Path 72
Map Eleven: Border vs. No Border 73
Map Twelve: Types of Borders 74
Map Thirteen: Layers 75
Map Fourteen: Horizon Line Placement 76
Map Fifteen: Using Lines 77
Map Sixteen: Structure 78
Map Seventeen: Composition Choices 79
Map Eighteen: Composition Choices 80
Map Nineteen: Symmetry and Repeating Shapes 81
Map Twenty: The Sturcture of a Composition 82
Glossary 83
Bibliography 91
Online Resources 92
Photographs 93
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